Settlement Discounts

Question

Many companies offer an early settlement discount. e.g. A consignment is purchased at R100 000. If you pay within 7 days, they give you a discount of 10%. Is this permissible?

Many a times, a person doesn’t have the option of refusing such a discount. So if he does pay within 7 days, the discount is guaranteed. Is this permissible?

Answer

It is not permissible. The price of the sale item in a transaction has to be fixed. The price changing due to early or late payment is not permissible as it will result in the price not being fixed.

Further, if the price of the item was fixed at the time of the transaction and then one receives a 10% discount on account of early payment/settlement, then in actual fact, the discount received is in lieu of time (i.e. due to paying at an earlier time; the price decrease/discount is in lieu of nothing else but the time that has been decreased from the original mutually-agreed term of payment). 

In conclusion, the discount one receives for decreasing the arranged time of payment is Riba (interest) and therefore Haraam. If such 10% discount was already received, it must be returned to the company. If there is some obstacle from returning it to the company, then it must be given away in Sadaqah (without the intention of receiving reward).

Hence, an early settlement discount is not permissible. In Buhoos fi Qadhaaya Fiqhiyyah Muaasirah, it is mentioned that the four Mazaahib are unanimous that an early settlement discount is not permissible.

Checked and Approved By:

Mufti Muhammed Saeed Motara Saheb D.B.

References

ويردونها على أربابها إن عرفوهم، وإلا تصدقوا بها؛ لأن سبيل الكسب الخبيث التصدق إذا تعذر الرد على صاحبه.
( تبيين الحقائق شرح كنز الدقائق وحاشية الشلبي Pg:27/Vol:6 )

عن أبي صالح بن عبيد مولى السفاح أنه أخبره أنه باع بزا من أهل دار نخلة إلى أجل ثم أرادوا الخروج إلى كوفة فسألوه أن ينقدوه ويضع عنهم فسأل زید بن ثابت فقال لا آمرك أن تأكل ذلك ولا توكله قال محمد وبهذا نأخذ من وجب له دين على إنسان إلى أجل فسأل أن يضع عنه ويعجل له ما بقي لم ينبغ ذلك لأنه يعجل قليلا بكثير دينا فكأنه يبيع قليلا نقدا بكثير دينا وهو قول عمر بن الخطاب وزيد بن ثابت وعبد بن عمر وهو قول أبي حنيفة
(موطأ الإمام محمد، الرقم: 799)

ولو كانت له ألف مؤجلة فصالحه على خمسمائة حالة لم يجز) لأن المعجل خير من المؤجل وهو غير مستحق بالعقد فيكون بإزاء ما حطه عنه وذلك اعتیاض عن الأجل وهو حرام
(الهداية Pg:201/Vol:3)

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