Question
I own a small property. On the ground floor I run my surgery. The floor above has a few shops.
Because it is above ground, customers do not generally like to go up and therefore the rental of shops there is erratic. in our area, we serve the lower socio economic communities.
I have the following tenants: .
1. Driving school with a communication, fax, internet shop.
2. Hair salon
3. Funeral director
4. Herbalist/muthi shop
The rentals above is much less than the ground floor.
I have been requested by a company doing micro finance and cash loans for a shop. I would appreciate if you could guide and direct my choice in this dilemma.
Answer
The best people to lease your shops out to would be those that deal in items that are totally Halaal to sell. If, however, you are leasing the property out to someone who sells items which are both Haraam, and Halaal then if the majority of the income (50 % or more) is received from Halaal sources it would be permissible to lease out the property to such a tenant. It would not be permissible to lease out your property to tenants who sell only Haraam items or the majority (more than 50%) of the items are Haraam.
If there is a lease in place then if it is within one’s capability he should ask them to vacate the premises immediately, and if not possible then when the lease ends he should not renew it, and ask them to vacate the premises.i The wealth attained as rent in the interim is not permissible for consumption therefore it will have to be given out as Sadaqah without the intention of reward.
1. Letting out your property to the driving school etc. is fine.
2. If the general practice of the hair salon is to give un-Islamic haircuts, shaving of the beards, etc. then it will be impermissible to let out your property to such a tenant. If it is within your capability to evict them immediately, then you should do so. If there is a lease in place, then as soon as the lease ends they should be asked to vacate the premises, and the lease should not be renewed. If the hair salon is such that no Haraam haircuts etc. are given then it will be permissible to lease out one’s property to them.
3. If the funeral director is such that all he does is plans and organizes funerals, and he sorts out the graves, and sells tombstones, then it will be permissible to let out your property to them, however we find that these people generally offer funeral covers which involves insurance, so in this case if the majority of the income they are receiving is from these covers etc. then it will be impermissible to let out your property to them. If it is in your capacity to evict them immediately you should do so, otherwise when the lease end you should not renew it, and ask them to vacate the premises.
4. Muti shops i.e. African herbalist shops are such that they are generally involved in Sihr (Jadoo, black magic) which is Haraam, and it is tantamount to Kufriii, therefore by one letting out his property to them he will be aiding and promoting this very vile and Haraam act. Allah Ta’aala says in the Qur’an:
و لا تعاونوا على الاثم و العدوان
Do assist in sin and transgression
Therefore, it will be impermissible to let out your property to such a tenant. Like it was mentioned before if the tenant is already renting there, then if it is within your capability you should evict him right away, or at the end of the lease you should not renew the contract and ask him to vacate the
premises.
5. With regards to letting out your property to someone who will be involved in this micro finance and loans, these are people that give out loans on interest, meaning that the income (profit) they receive is interest based which is totally Haraam, and the rental money that you will receive therefrom will also be Haraam. Therefore, it will not be permissible for you to let out your property to such a business. Allah Ta’aala says in the Qur’an:
فان لم تفعلوا فأذنوا بحرب من الله و رسوله
Do assist in sin and If they do not (avoid interest) then be warned of war from Allah and his Rasul (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam).
It is stated in a Hadith that Nabi Sallalahu Alayhi Wa Sallamcursed the person who takes interest, the person who gives interest, the one who writes down the interest transaction, and the two witnesses who witness the action. In short anyone involved in interest in any way whatsoever is included in this.
Checked and Approved By:
Mufti Muhammed Saeed Motara Saheb D.B.
References
(هندية ٥\٣٤٣ مكتبة ماجدية)
(خانية بهامش الهندية ٣\٤٠٠ مكتبة ماجدية)
قال و من اجر بيتا ليتخذ فيه بيت نار او كنيسة او بيعة او يباع فيه الخمر بالسواد.. … قالا لا ينبغي ان يكريه لشيء من ذلك لانه اعانه عن المعصية (البناية شرح الهداية ١١\٢٥٠ مكتبة رشيدية)
(فتح القدير ٨\٤٩٣ مكتبة رشيدية)
(البحر الراءق ٨\٢٠٢ سعيد ايج ايم)
(المبسوط للسرخسي ١٦\٣٨ دار المعرفة)
و اما الاخذ منها و هي دون ذلك كما يفعل بعض المغاربة و المخنثة من الرجال فلم يبحه احد كذا في فتح القدير (البحر الرائق ٢\٢٨٠ مكتبة ماجدية كوئته)
iiفالسحر نفسه معصية بل كفر لا يصح الاستئجار عليه (رد المحتار شامي ٦١٩٣ ايج ايم سعيد)
حلال یا غالب حلال مخلوط روپیہ کرایہ میں لینا درست ہے حرام یا غالب حرام مخلوط روپیہ لینا درست نہی
(فتاوی محمودیه ۱۴۷ ۲۵۱ مکتبه محمودیه)
امداد الاحکام ۳۱۵۵۰ مکتبہ دار العلوم کراچی)
حجامت کا پیشہ ایک ضروری عمل ہے اس کے بغیر کوئی چارہ نہیں لیکن اسمیں شرعی حدود و قیود کالحاظ رکھنا انتہائی ضروری ہے اگر اس میں خلاف شرع عمل کیا جائے تو اس سے حاصل ہونے والی آمدنی بھی نا جائز ہو جاتی ہے اسی طرح اس کام (حجامت وغیرہ) کے لئے دوکان یا مکان کرایہ پر دینا بھی تعاون علی المعصیت ہے جو بنص قرآن حرام ہے لہذا خلاف شرع حجامت بنانے والے نائی (حجام) کو مکان و دوکان کرایہ پر دینا صحیح نہیں اور نہ اسکی آمدنی درست ہے (فتاوی حقانیہ ۶۱۲۷۷ جامعہ دار العلوم حقانیة )
سوال۔ حجام کی آمدنی کا کیا حکم ہے جس کی آمدنی مسلمانوں کی ڈاڑ ہی موندنے اور انگریزی بال بنانے سے حاصل ہوتی ہے۔۔۔ جواب یہ کام بھی گناہ ہے انکی آمدنی بھی مکروہ ہے (۲۷۳) سوال۔ مسلموں اور غیر مسلموں کے سر کے بال فینسی کاٹنا کیسا ہے۔۔۔ جواب۔ وہ بھی جائز نہی ( فتاوی محمودیه ۲۵۱۲۷۵ مكتبة محمودیة)
بیمه یا بینکاری وغیرہ کے لئے مسلمان کو مکان کرایہ پر دینا مکروہ تحریمی ہے۔۔۔۔ کافر سے بھی سود اور بیمہ کی آمدن سے کرایہ وصول کرنا حرام ہے (احسن الفتاوی ۳۰۵ے ایچ ایم سعید ) حرام یا غالب حرام مخلوط روپیہ لینا درست نہیں (فتاوی محمودیہ ۲۵۱۴۷ مکتبہ محمودیہ)